Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons?

“In wondering why Americans are afraid of dragons, I began to realize that a great many Americans are not only anti-fantasy, but altogether anti-fiction. We tend, as a people, to look upon all works of the imagination either as suspect or as contemptible. ‘My wife reads novels. I haven’t got the time.’ ‘I used to read that science fiction stuff when I was a teenager, but of course I don’t now.’ ‘Fairy stories are for kids. I live in the real world.’ Who speaks so? Who is it that dismisses ‘War and Peace,’ ‘The Time Machine,’ and ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ with this perfect self-assurance? It is, I fear, the man in the street – the men who run this country.
Such a rejection of the entire art of fiction is related to several American characteristics: our Puritanism, our work ethic, our profit-mindedness, and even our sexual mores. To read ‘War and Peace’ or ‘The Lord of the Rings’ plainly is not ‘work’ – you do it for pleasure. And if it cannot be justified as ‘educational’ or as ‘self-improvement,’ then, in the Puritan value system, it can only be self-indulgence or escapism. For pleasure is not a value, to the Puritan; on the contrary, it is a sin.
Equally, in the businessman’s value system, if an act does not bring in an immediate, tangible profit, it has no justification at all. Thus the only person who has an excuse to read Tolstoy or Tolkien is the English teacher, who gets paid for it. But our businessman might allow himself to read a best-seller now and then: not because it is a good book, but because it is a best-seller – it is a success, it has made money. To the strangely mystical mind of the money-changer, this justifies its existence; and by reading it he may participate, a little, in the power and mana of its success.

If this is not magic, by the way, I don’t know what it is. The last element, the sexual one, is more complex. I hope I will not be understood as being sexist if I say that, within our culture, I believe that this anti-fiction attitude is basically a male one. The American boy and man is very commonly forced to define his maleness by rejecting certain traits, certain human gifts and potentialities, which our culture defines as ‘womanish’ or ‘childish.’ And one of these traits or potentialities is, in cold sober fact, the absolutely essential human faculty of imagination…

But I must narrow the definition to fit our present subject. By ‘imagination,’ then, I personally mean the free play of the mind, both intellectual and sensory. By ‘play’ I mean recreation, re-creation, the recombination of what is known into what is new. By ‘free’ I mean that the action is done without an immediate object of profit – spontaneously. That does not mean, however, that there may not be a purpose behind the free play of the mind, a goal; and the goal may be a very serious object indeed. Children’s imaginative play is clearly a practicing at the acts and emotions of adulthood; a child who did not play would not become mature. As for the free play of an adult mind, its result may be ‘War and Peace,’ or the theory of relativity.

To be free, after all, is not to be undisciplined. I should say that the discipline of the imagination may in fact be the essential method or technique of both art and science. It is our Puritanism, insisting that discipline means repression or punishment, which confuses the subject. To discipline something, in the proper sense of the word, does not mean to repress it, but to train it – to encourage it to grow, and act, and be fruitful, whether it is a peach tree or a human mind. I think that a great many American men have been taught just the opposite. They have learned to repress their imagination, to reject it as something childish or effeminate, unprofitable, and probably sinful. They have learned to fear it. But they have never learned to discipline it at all.”

— Ursula K. Le Guin, from Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons? (1974)

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Free Books For Kids

I’m a sucker for feelgood stories about folks who are promoting literacy programs for children in their communities, but when you add book vending machines with free books for kids I’m sold.

Ymani Wince isn’t just the owner of a local bookstore; she’s a community leader with a major soft spot for books, kids, and breaking down barriers. Her shop, The Noir Bookshop, sits on Cherokee Street in St. Louis, and it’s exactly the kind of cozy, inclusive place you might find yourself lingering in for longer than you planned. It’s not just a bookstore; it’s a hub for education, artistry, and a celebration of Black literature and culture.

Enter ONYX, a free book vending machine aimed at putting books directly into the hands of kids. And the best part? They don’t pay money; they pay with curiosity, tokens, and excitement.

Here’s how it works: community centers, clubs, and other local spaces house these vending stations. Kids get a special token from the staff or center, and boom: they choose a book they want. It’s as simple as that: token goes in, book comes out. No money changing hands, just pure opportunity.

In St. Louis, Black students are more than twice as likely to struggle with grade-level reading proficiency compared with white students. That’s the kind of statistic that makes people stop and think. So having initiatives like ONYX isn’t just nice, it’s necessary. The vending  machine isn’t a gimmick; it’s a practical, innovative response to a real, measurable need.

 

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Paris 1970

I recently learned about an amateur photography contest called ‘C’était Paris en 1970’ (‘This Was Paris in 1970’), whose roughly fourteen thousand participants produced seventy thousand black-and-white prints and thirty thousand color slides of the capital in the midst of enormous changes.

“The city of Paris … organized in the spring of 1970 an amateur photography competition aiming to produce exhaustive photographic coverage of [the city], divided into a grid of 1755 squares.” Click the map of Paris and at the top of each page click a link corresponding to a numbered square / carré on the map. The link will also show how many contest participants / candidats captured how many photographs / photographies for the square. As Catherine E. Clark explained in “‘C’était Paris en 1970’: Amateur Photography, Urbanism and Photographic History,” “the contest supplied a very uneven portrait of Paris in May of 1970.” But this newer website provides an interface for quickly browsing 30225 photographs from the event.

 

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Sounds Great

 

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Bookish TV

Folks in the UK may be au fait about this, but it’s news to me. Bookish, a new six-part murder mystery series created, starring, and written by Mark Gatiss (SherlockThe League of Gentlemen), will premiere January 11 on PBS, with new episodes released every Sunday through February 15. Directed by Carolina Giammetta, the series is co-written by Gatiss and Matthew Sweet.

PBS noted that Gatiss and director Carolina Giammetta take viewers “into the chaotic and dangerous shadows of post-war 1946 London, where Gabriel Book’s [Gatiss] encyclopedic knowledge of literature and history makes him an invaluable–if unconventional–consultant to the local police. With razor-sharp wit and an entourage of charming social misfits, Book helps unravel London’s most puzzling mysteries by turning to the thousands of books lining his shelves.”

Polly Walker (BridgertonLine of Duty) stars as Trottie Book; Connor Finch (Everything I Know About Love) as Jack; Elliot Levey (We Were the Lucky OnesQuiz) as Inspector Bliss; Blake Harrison (World on FireStill Up) as Sergeant Morris; and Buket Kömür (Our House) as Nora.

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“Dissent is NOT Un-American!”

Twenty-five years ago San Francisco’s iconic City Lights Books initiated a bold project using a series of banners hung along the front of the bookstore. That 5-panel banner installation was the first in a series followed by a period during which founder poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti used the second-story windows of City Lights as a site for his own hand-painted messages in response to current events. In 2016, City Lights inaugurated a new banner series with new collaborators, and they intend to continue activating our building as a public platform, a forum to inspire and provoke thoughtful civic engagement.

“Tyranny cuts off the singer’s head / But the voice from the bottom of the well / Returns to the secret springs of the earth / And rises out of nowhere through the mouths of the people”

–Pablo Neruda, translated by Alistair Reid

June 2003, Photograph © Larry Keenan

 

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So you’re going to New York City

Book lovers and bibliophiles who are heading to New York City this year will have an embarrassment of choices when it comes to special exhibitions at some of the city’s premier institutions.

The Morgan Library & Museum‘s Come Together: 3,000 Years of Stories and Storytelling will explore the history of storytelling running January 30 through May 3, 2026.

It highlights a variety of narratives from the Babylonian Epic of Atrahasis which is among the earliest literary works preserved in written to works by writers inspired by New York City, featuring printed books, manuscripts, comics, photographs, drawings, paintings, films, and artifacts.

Come Together will be divided into five sections:

  • ‘Belief and Belonging’ will consider origin stories, epics, legends, and myths, giving primacy to the Indigenous storytellers of North America
  • ‘Shaping Stories’ sheds light on the roles of editors, publishers, illustrators, and translators to the development of literary works
    and are often less visible than the authors, featuring a heavily annotated page of James Joyce’s Ulysses, Jean de Brunhoff’s earliest drawings of Babar, and a woodcut-illustrated edition of Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales printed around 1483 by William Caxton
  • ‘Picture This’ showcases diverse approaches to visual storytelling including devices such as the speech bubble and a leaf from an English medieval manuscript which uses sequences of pictures to signal movement through time
  • ‘Life Stories’ includes texts and artworks centered on personal experience such as Henry David Thoreau’s journals and Édouard Manet’s only surviving notebook
  • ‘New York Stories’ reflects the multicultural metropolis as seen through the lens of visitors, immigrants, and native New Yorkers, among them Walt Whitman and Langston Hughes.

The exhibition is accompanied by a series of programs, including; a lecture on storytelling through poetry with Pádraig Ó Tuama on February 19; an online short course on the importance of narrative with Morgan curators in February; and James Baldwin’s Go Tell It on the Mountain with Rhonda Evans on April 9.

A new exhibition at The Grolier Club explores the evolution of technology and its impact on labor through a close look at the history of printing.

The Second Printing Revolution: Invention of Mass Media will be on view in the Club’s ground floor gallery from January 14 through April 11, 2026, examining the transition from handcrafted book production to mechanized papermaking, printing, illustration, typesetting, and bookbinding. Curated by Grolier Club member Jeremy Norman from his personal collection, the exhibition features 150 books, prints, and artifacts from 1800 to 1904, with many rarities from England, France, Germany, and the United States. An accompanying catalogue will be available in January 2026.

The exhibition is organized into four main sections, Innovation (detailing steam-powered presses and papermaking), Diffusion (exploring the spread of early magazines and typesetting), Design (highlighting bookbinding and color imagery), and Scale (focusing on mass printing in America). Other elements include a spotlight on the railroad and mass market reading, women’s labor, and Charles Dickens.

Highlights include:

  • a copy of the first issue of the daily London newspaper from November 29, 1814, printed on a double-cylinder steam-powered printing machine
  • the educational reform group Society of the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge The Menageries (1829), the first extensively illustrated machine-printed book, featuring highly detailed woodcuts of animals
  • Robert Seymour’s The March of Intellect (London, 1828), a satirical illustration about the social impact of groups like SDUK, featuring an automaton made of printing machine parts
  • a 1794 French petition for a women’s typographic school, promoting an apprenticeship program
  • Baxter’s Gems of The Great Exhibition (London, 1851) with brilliantly color-printed images that recorded the event printed on iron handpresses via an elaborate patented process
  • an 1847 letter from Charles Dickens to his publisher Edward Chapman expressing hope that sales of a “Cheap Edition” of his works might reach a record breaking 100,000 copies
  • an 1826 bible printed in Boston that was the first edition of the Old and New Testaments ever printed on a printing machine

“At the beginning of the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution had been underway in England for nearly a century, yet book production had hardly changed since Gutenberg’s invention of printing by movable type in the mid-15th century,” said Jeremy Norman. “This exhibition tells the story of the second printing revolution that took place during the 19th century as key inventions led to some of the first developments in mass production and the factory system, and ushered in a period of profound change in the socio-economic relationship between workers and employers.”

The current exhibition at The New York Historical focuses on the development of the ideas of the American Revolution through original printings and explores how their dissemination strengthened the push for American independence.

Running through April 12, 2026, Declaring the Revolution: America’s Printed Path to Independence; Historical Works from the David M. Rubenstein Americana Collection is among the many celebrations of the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.

A collection of 18th-century pamphlets, broadsides, engravings, proclamations, and books, reveal different aspects of how the colonies achieved independence. The highlights are two especially important printings of the Declaration, the very rare first newspaper appearance in the Pennsylvania Evening Post and the State Department engraving of the original engrossed copy.

Also on show are:

  • Thomas Paine’s  1776 pamphlet Common Sense which called for independence from Great Britain
  • John Hancock’s 1774 oration honoring the Boston Massacre confrontation between British soldiers and American colonists on March 5, 1770
  • key texts which provided the intellectual foundation for the revolution such as printings of the Magna Carta, books by John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau

“Declaring the Revolution traces the emergence of our nation through a shared belief in the power of the people and the promise of democracy,” said Dr. Louise Mirrer, president and CEO of The New York Historical. “Through historical printings, the origins of the ‘American experiment’ are on display, allowing us to reflect on how we live and fulfill the ideals of our nation today.”

Declaring the Revolution shows that America’s goal of independence was not only a military conflict, but also a battle of ideas. The Virginia Declaration of Rights, drafted by George Mason in 1776, and shown in its uncommon earliest printing, outlines the requirement of natural rights that influenced subsequent documents like the Declaration of Independence. An exceptionally rare 1773 handbill printed by enslaved people in Boston asks that the language of freedom apply to them and points out the incongruousness of a land with bondage desiring to be liberated.

The exhibition is curated by Mazy Boroujerdi, special advisor to the David M. Rubenstein Americana Collection which mounts non-partisan exhibitions of historically important printings to foster civic engagement and historical understanding.

“The items on view bring new context to one of the most important documents ever written,” said David M. Rubenstein.  giving insight into the minds of our Founding Fathers as they changed the course of history. My reason for collecting these original printings is to show them to the public to give Americans an opportunity to encounter our country’s impressive history and the accomplishments of those who came before us. To not remember these origins of our democracy is to risk losing our democracy.”

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Bookstore Tourism : Your Suggestions

Here at TBTP Global HQ we often get referrals to bookshops from readers who are regular customers and from travelers who are impressed with their discoveries. And, of course, there are the random gems that show up serendipitously. So, the New Year seemed like a good time to begin featuring bookstore tourism finds.

Our first suggestion is a local institution in the fine city of Pittsburg in the wild, far west of Pennsylvania. Caliban Book Shop is located at 410 South Craig St., Pittsburg, and was founded in 1991. They carry new, used and rare books with large selections of fiction, non-fiction, and feminist works, plus LP records and CDs. Here’s what the proprietors have to say:

“Caliban Books buys and sells used and rare books for readers and collectors. We choose our books with care and avoid bestsellers, romance novels, and the like. Our prices tend to be 25% lower than online sellers, and we have a basement full of paperback fiction, mysteries, science-fiction, all priced way below retail. Learn more about our buying and selling policies on the About Us page.

Our shop also has a corner devoted to record albums and CDs; specializing in Indie Rock, Sixties Pop, Punk, Americana, Folk, Blues, and Jazz. We’ll be adding Spoken Word and some Classical to the mix, too.”

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Not making any suggestions, but just in case…

During World War II, the U.S. government urged citizens to become everyday saboteurs when faced with Fascist regimes. In 2008, the US Central Intelligence Agency made public the handbook written for grassroots sabotage.

Titled the Simple Sabotage Field Manual, the aim of the handbook was to help citizens in occupied Allied countries bring down their governments from within – whether it was meddling with a military car on the streets in the dead of night, or casually lighting a warehouse on fire.

While I’m not suggesting that it may become necessary to revive these practices, whether it be in Iran or even the U.S., it’s doesn’t hurt to follow the old Boy Scout motto and be prepared. Just in case, here’s the link to the original book at the Project Guttenberg site.

OSS REPRODUCTION BRANCH
SIMPLE SABOTAGE FIELD MANUAL
Strategic Services
(Provisional)
STRATEGIC SERVICES FIELD MANUAL No. 3

Office of Strategic Services

Washington, D. C.

17 January 1944

This Simple Sabotage Field Manual Strategic Services (Provisional) is published for the information and guidance of all concerned and will be used as the basic doctrine for Strategic Services training for this subject.

The contents of this Manual should be carefully controlled and should not be allowed to come into unauthorized hands.

The instructions may be placed in separate pamphlets or leaflets according to categories of operations but should be distributed with care and not broadly. They should be used as a basis of radio broadcasts only for local and special cases and as directed by the theater commander.

AR 380-5, pertaining to handling of secret documents, will be complied with in the handling of this Manual.

Because it was written during active wartime, the book includes various suggestions for causing physical violence and destruction, such as starting fires, flooding warehouses, breaking tools, etc. But it also includes many suggestions for how to just generally be annoying within a bureaucracy or office setting. Simple sabotage ideas include:

  • “Insist on doing everything through ‘channels.’ Never permit short-cuts to be taken in order to expedite decisions.”
  • “Make ‘speeches.’ Talk as frequently as possible and at great length. Illustrate your ‘points’ by long anecdotes and accounts of personal experiences. Never hesitate to make a few appropriate ‘patriotic’ comments.”
  • “Bring up irrelevant issues as frequently as possible.”
  • “Haggle over precise wordings of communications, minutes, resolutions.”
  • “‘Misunderstand’ orders. Ask endless questions or engage in long correspondence about such orders. Quibble over them when you can.”
  • “In making work assignments, always sign out the unimportant jobs first. See that the important jobs are assigned to inefficient workers of poor machines.”
  • “To lower morale and with it, production, be pleasant to inefficient workers; give them undeserved promotions. Discriminate against efficient workers; complain unjustly about their work.”
  • “Hold conferences when there is more critical work to be done.”
  • “Multiply paperwork in plausible ways.”
  • “Make mistakes in quantities of material when you are copying orders. Confuse similar names. Use wrong addresses.”
  • “Work slowly. Think out ways to increase the number of movements necessary on your job”
  • “Pretend that instructions are hard to understand, and ask to have them repeated more than once. Or pretend that you are particularly anxious to do your work, and pester the foreman with unnecessary questions.”
  • “Snarl up administration in every possible way. Fill out forms illegibly so that they will have to be done over; make mistakes or omit requested information in forms.”

The guide also suggests “general devices for lowering morale and creating confusion,” which include “Report imaginary spies or danger to the Gestapo or police,” “act stupid,” “Be as irritable and quarrelsome as possible without getting yourself into trouble,” “Stop all conversation when axis nationals or quislings enter a cafe,” “Cry and sob hysterically at every occasion, especially when confronted by government clerks.”

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Winter in America

 

And to the buffalo who once ruled the plains
Like the vultures circling beneath the dark clouds
Looking for the rain
Looking for the rain

Just like the cities staggered on the coastline
Living in a nation that just can’t stand much more
Like the forest buried beneath the highway
Never had a chance to grow
Never had a chance to grow

And now it’s winter
Winter in America
Yes and all of the healers have been killed
Or sent away, yeah
But the people know, the people know
It’s winter
Winter in America
And ain’t nobody fighting
‘Cause nobody knows what to say
Save your soul, Lord knows
From Winter in America

The Constitution
A noble piece of paper
With free society
Struggled but it died in vain
And now Democracy is ragtime on the corner
Hoping for some rain
Looks like it’s hoping
Hoping for some rain

And I see the robins
Perched in barren treetops
Watching last-ditch racists marching across the floor
But just like the peace sign that vanished in our dreams
Never had a chance to grow
Never had a chance to grow

And now it’s winter
It’s winter in America
And all of the healers have been killed
Or been betrayed
Yeah, but the people know, people know
It’s winter, Lord knows
It’s winter in America
And ain’t nobody fighting
Cause nobody knows what to save
Save your souls
From Winter in America

And now it’s winter
Winter in America
And all of the healers done been killed or sent away
Yeah, and the people know, people know
It’s winter
Winter in America
And ain’t nobody fighting
Cause nobody knows what to save
And ain’t nobody fighting
Cause nobody knows, nobody knows
And ain’t nobody fighting
Cause nobody knows what to save

Gil Scott Heron
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